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SUMMARY:GNSS remote sensing\, principles and scientific applications (clim
 ate science) (by Jens Wickert)
DTSTART:20170707T100000Z
DTEND:20170707T111500Z
DTSTAMP:20170706T121228Z
UID:presentation-42.series-5
DESCRIPTION:J. Wickert\, F. Alshawaf\, C. Arras\, M. Asgarimehr\, G. Dick\
 , S. Heise\, K. Larson\, X. Li\, C. Lu\, L.\nPeraza\, M. Ramatschi\, M. Se
 mmling\, T. Schmidt\, T. Simeonov\, S. Vey\, F. Zus\, H. Schuh\n\n\nGerman
  Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ\, Potsdam\, Germany\n\nUniversity of 
 Colorado\, Boulder\, U.S.\n\nGNSS atmospheric remote sensing was successfu
 lly established during the last two decades and\nevolved into a major appl
 ication for high precision GNSS. The most prominent example for this\ndeve
 lopment is the use of GNSS atmospheric data to improve day-by-day regional
  and global\nweather forecasts since 2006. Globally distributed vertical p
 rofiles of refractivity\, temperature\nand water vapour are derived from s
 atellite based GNSS data (Radio Occultation\, RO). Ground\nbased measureme
 nts\, provided by global and regional GNSS networks\, allow for the deriva
 tion\nof vertically (IWV) or along the line-of-sight integrated water vapo
 ur (SWV). Another important\nGNSS remote sensing technique\, the exploitat
 ion of Earth reflected signals (GNSS\nReflectometry\, GNSS-R)\, is not yet
  operationally applied. But the huge potential for the\ndetermination of v
 arious physical parameters\, as\, e.g.\, sea surface height\, wind speed o
 ver water\nand soil moisture on regional and global scales is recognized b
 y the Earth Observation\ncommunity. Therefore GNSS-R is recently a major c
 hallenge of international geophysical\nresearch. We review related activit
 ies at the German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ and\nintroduce recen
 t results.\n\nThe status of the GNSS-RO experiments aboard the satellites 
 GRACE-A\, TerraSAR-X and\nTanDEM-X\, which are coordinated by GFZ\, is rev
 iewed. Examples of GNSS RO applications are\ngiven\, as\, e.g. climatologi
 cal investigations of the global vertical temperature structure or the\nde
 tection of ionospheric irregularities in the E-region. We also focus on gr
 ound based activities\nfor GNSS water vapour monitoring. Observations of a
  global and regionally densified German\nnetwork\, with about 600 stations
  in total\, are processed in near-real time to operationally\nprovide IWV 
 data. These data are assimilated into atmospheric models by several Europe
 an\nweather centers. Current research activities are focused on the genera
 tion and meteorological\napplication of GNSS based slant data\, on real-ti
 me and multi-GNSS meteorology. In addition\,\nclimatological investigation
 s are described to analyse long-term trends of the atmospheric water\nvapo
 ur over Germany but also as part of the Global Climate Observing System (G
 COS) of the\nWMO (World Meteorological Organization).\n\nMultipath data fr
 om standard GNSS receivers are used to derive information on soil moisture
 \,\nvegetation and snow properties. This technique exhibits a large potent
 ial to get geophysical\nparameters for Earth surface monitoring from the e
 xisting global and regional GNSS networks.\nGFZ also applies dedicated GNS
 S receivers aboard flight and ship platforms to derive sea surface\nheight
 s using the GNSS-R phase altimetry technique. Other research activities co
 ntribute to the\npreparation of satellite missions for geophysical GNSS-R 
 applications on a global scale. The\nmost prominent current examples are t
 he ESA mission GEROS-ISS for global sea surface\nmonitoring and the Earth 
 Explorer 9 proposal G-TERN for polar\, ocean and land surface\nresearch.
LOCATION:SR Wegener Center\, Brandhofgasse 5\, 1st floor
ORGANIZER;CN="Douglas Maraun";ROLE=CHAIR:MAILTO:douglas.maraun@uni-graz.at
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